Introduction Peru is a mining economy and the world’s second largest copper exporter. Metals and minerals account for 64 per cent of Peru’s exports. The export of metals and minerals, led
The European Centre for Strategic Studies and Policy (ECSAP) has been a pivotal force in shaping strategic agendas across Europe, the Middle East, North Africa
Executive Summary In July–August 2025, the United States and the European Union announced a new framework trade deal that resets the baseline of transatlantic relations.
The European Centre for Strategic Studies and Policy (ECSAP) has established itself as a pivotal independent think tank.
The European Centre for Strategic Studies and Policy (ECSAP) has been a pivotal force in shaping strategic agendas across Europe, the Middle East, North Africa
The European Centre for Strategic Studies and Policy (ECSAP) has been a pivotal force in shaping strategic agendas across Europe, the Middle East, North Africa
Summary Permacrisis in the Mediterranean On the eve of the December 2023 Global Refugee Forum, UN high commissioner for refugees, Filippo Grandi, wrote in the Observer: “we hear tough
Executive Summary The world faces a persistent financing gap for resilient, low-carbon infrastructure—trillions annually through 2030 and beyond. Public budgets alone cannot close it. The
The relationship between Russia and the European Union has changed and now is the time to assess the new reality. Over the past fifteen months, something
Summary A critical moment Despite possessing around one-third of the world’s mineral resources, African countries have little to show from decades of mining. From Europe to America,